Surah Al-Jathiyah (The Kneeling)
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
• Divine Revelation is Truth Supported by Cosmic Evidence
[1] Ha-Mim. [2] The revelation (tanzīl; n-z-l, descent/sending down) of the Book is from Allah, the Mighty (al-ʿAzīz; ʿ-z-z, strong/invincible), the Wise (al-Ḥakīm; ḥ-k-m, wisdom/judgment). [3] Verily, in the heavens and earth are signs (āyāt; ʾ-y-y, markers/indications) for the believers. [4] And in your creation (khalq; kh-l-q, creation/measure) and what He scatters of living creatures (dābbah; d-b-b, crawler/beast) are signs for a people with certainty (yūqinūn; y-q-n, certainty/conviction). [5] The alternation of night and day, the provision (rizq; r-z-q, sustenance/rain) Allah sends down from the sky to revive the earth after its death, and the shifting of winds are signs for those who reason (yaʿqilūn; ʿ-q-l, intellect/binding). [6] These are the signs of Allah which We recite to you in truth (ḥaqq; ḥ-q-q, reality/truth); so in what discourse (ḥadīth; ḥ-d-th, speech/event) after Allah and His signs will they believe?
• Woe to the Arrogant Fabricator Who Mocks Divine Signs
[7] Woe (wayl; w-y-l, destruction/sorrow) to every sinful liar (affāk athīm; ʾ-f-k, to turn away/lie; ʾ-th-m, sin/delay). [8] He hears Allah’s verses recited yet persists (yuṣirru; ṣ-r-r, to persist/tie tight) in arrogance (istikbār; k-b-r, greatness/pride) as if he heard them not; announce to him a painful punishment. [9] When he learns something of Our verses, he takes them in mockery (huzuwa; h-z-w, ridicule); for such is a humiliating punishment (muhīn; h-w-n, disgrace/ease). [10] Before them (awaiting) is Hell (Jahannam); whatever they earned will not avail them, nor the protectors (awliyāʾ; w-l-y, nearness/guardian) they took besides Allah; theirs is a great torment. [11] This [Quran] is guidance (hudā; h-d-y, direction); those who reject the signs of their Lord will suffer a punishment of painful, rippling filth (rijz; r-j-z, tremor/agitation).
• Allah Subjugated the Universe for Humanity to Foster Gratitude
[12] Allah is He who subjected (sakhkhara; s-kh-r, compel/subjugate) the sea for you, that ships may sail by His command (amr; ʾ-m-r, command/matter) and you may seek His bounty (faḍl; f-ḍ-l, surplus/favor), that perhaps you will be grateful (tashkurūn; sh-k-r, gratitude/acknowledgment). [13] He subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and earth—all from Him; indeed, in that are signs for a people who reflect (yatafakkarūn; f-k-r, thought/contemplation). [14] Say (Qul) to those who believe to forgive (yaghfirū; gh-f-r, to cover/protect) those who do not hope for the "Days of Allah" (ayyām Allāh; divine history/victories), that He may recompense a people for what they used to earn (yaksibūn; k-s-b, acquisition). [15] Whoever does righteousness, it is for his own soul (nafs; n-f-s, self/breath), and whoever does evil, it is against it; then to your Lord you will be returned.
• The Israelites Received Knowledge Yet Differed Through Envy
[16] We certainly gave the Children of Israel the Book (al-Kitāb), wisdom (al-ḥukm), and prophethood (an-nubuwwah), provided them with good things, and preferred them over the worlds (of their time). [17] We gave them clear proofs (bayyināt; b-y-n, clear/evident) of the Command; they differed not until after knowledge came to them, through mutual envy/transgression (baghyan; b-gh-y, seek/oppress) among themselves; your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning their differences.
• Adherence to Divine Law Opposes the Worship of Capricious Desire
[18] Then We set you [O Prophet] upon a clear law (sharīʿah; sh-r-ʿ, path to water/law) of the Command; so follow it and follow not the desires (ahwāʾ; h-w-y, fall/desire) of those who know not. [19] They will never avail you against Allah at all; indeed, the wrongdoers are allies of one another, but Allah is the Protector (Walī) of the God-fearing (al-muttaqīn; w-q-y, shield/guard). [20] This [Quran] is insight (baṣāʾir; b-ṣ-r, vision/proof) for mankind, and guidance and mercy for a people with certainty.
• Equalizing the Wicked and the Righteous is a Flawed Judgment
[21] Do those who commit evils (sayyiʾāt; s-w-ʾ, bad/evil) think We will make them equal to those who believe and do righteous deeds—equal in their life and death? Evil is how they judge (yaḥkumūn). [22] Allah created the heavens and the earth in truth, that every soul may be recompensed for what it earned, and they will not be wronged.
• The Blindness of Deifying Desire and the Materialist Fallacy
[23] Have you seen him who takes his desire as his god (ilāh; ʾ-l-h, object of worship)? Allah has led him astray despite knowledge, sealed his hearing and heart, and placed a veil over his sight; who then will guide him after Allah? Will you not remember? [24] They say: "There is nothing but our worldly life (ḥayātunā ad-dunyā; d-n-w, near/low); we die and we live, and nothing destroys us except Time (ad-dahr; d-h-r, time/aeon)." They have no knowledge of that; they only conjecture (yaẓunnūn; ẓ-n-n, assumption). [25] When Our clear verses are recited to them, their argument is only: "Bring back our forefathers," if you are truthful. [26] Say (Qul): Allah gives you life, then causes you to die, then He gathers you for the Day of Resurrection—no doubt in it, but most people do not know.
• Sovereignty Belongs to Allah on the Day Nations Kneel in Fear
[27] To Allah belongs the dominion (mulk; m-l-k, sovereignty) of the heavens and earth; on the Day the Hour is established, the falsifiers (mubṭilūn; b-ṭ-l, null/false) will lose. [28] You will see every nation kneeling (jāthiyah; j-th-w, to kneel/huddle); every nation will be called to its Record: "Today you are recompensed for what you used to do." [29] "This, Our Record, speaks about you in truth; indeed, We were transcribing (nastansikhu; n-s-kh, copy/abrogate) what you used to do." [30] As for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy; that is the clear success (al-fawz; f-w-z, triumph).
• The Retribution for Mockery and the Final Declaration of Grandeur
[31] But to those who disbelieved: "Were not My verses recited to you? You were arrogant and were a criminal people (qawman mujrimīn; j-r-m, cut/crime)." [32] When it was said, "Allah's promise is true and the Hour is undoubted," you said: "We know not what the Hour is; we think it only conjecture, and we are not convinced." [33] The evils of what they did will appear to them, and they will be enveloped by what they used to mock. [34] It will be said: "Today We forget you (nansākum; n-s-y, forget/abandon) as you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours; your refuge is the Fire, and you have no helpers." [35] "That is because you took Allah's signs in mockery, and the worldly life deluded (gharra; gh-r-r, deceive/delude) you." So this Day they will not be removed from it, nor will they be asked to make amends (yustaʿtabūn; ʿ-t-b, blame/plea). [36] Then to Allah belongs praise (al-ḥamd; ḥ-m-d, praise/gratitude)—Lord of the heavens, Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds. [37] And to Him belongs grandeur (al-kibriyāʾ; k-b-r, grandeur/supremacy) in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Mighty, the Wise.
Surah Al-Jathiyah • The Crouching
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
• Divine Revelation and Cosmic Signs
[45:1] Ha, Meem (Ha Mim; muqatta'at, disjointed letters; mystical cipher).
[45:2] The revelation (tanzeel; n-z-l, gradual descent) of the Book is from Allah (Allah; '-l-h, The God) the Exalted in Might (al-'aziz; '-z-z, dominance/strength) the Wise (al-hakim; h-k-m, judicial wisdom).
[45:3] Indeed, in the heavens (al-samawat; s-m-w, celestial heights) and the earth are signs (la-ayat; '-y-y, indicators/tokens) for the believers (al-mu'minin; '-m-n, those with security/faith).
[45:4] And in your creation (khalqikum; kh-l-q, origination/proportioning) and what He scatters (yabuthth; b-th-th, disperse/propagate) of moving creatures (dabbah; d-b-b, corporeal treaders) are signs for a people who are certain (yuqinun; y-q-n, conviction/firm knowledge).
[45:5] And the alternation (ikhtilaf; kh-l-f, succession/variation) of night and day and what Allah sends down (anzala; see tanzeel above) from the sky of provision (rizq; r-z-q, sustenance/rain) reviving thereby the earth (fa-ahya; h-y-y, animation/life) after its death (mawtiha; m-w-t, lifelessness) and the shifting (tasrif; s-r-f, directing/turning) of the winds are signs for a people who reason (ya'qilun; '-q-l, restrain/intellect).
• The Fate of the Arrogant Denier
[45:6] These are the verses of Allah (ayat Allah; '-y-y, divine proofs) which We recite to you in truth (bi-l-haqq; h-q-q, absolute reality). Then in what statement (hadith; h-d-th, narrative/discourse) after Allah and His signs will they believe?
[45:7] Woe (wayl; w-y-l, destruction/severe distress) to every sinful ('athim; '-th-m, burden of sin) liar ('affak; '-f-k, fabricator/deviator).
[45:8] Who hears (yasma'u; s-m-', auditory perception) the verses of Allah recited to him, then persists (yusirru; s-r-r, insist/persevere) arrogantly (mustakbiran; k-b-r, seeking grandeur) as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings (fa-bashshirhu; b-sh-r, announce/peel skin) of a painful punishment ('adhab; '-dh-b, torment).
[45:9] And when he knows ('alima; '-l-m, cognizance) anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule (huzuwan; h-z-', mockery/jest). Those will have a humiliating (muhin; h-w-n, abasing/despised) punishment. Before them (min wara'ihim; w-r-', behind/beyond [encompassing]) is Hell (jahannam; deep pit/abyss). And will not avail (yughni; gh-n-y, suffice/enrich) them what they earned (kasabu; k-s-b, acquisition) at all, nor what they took besides Allah as allies (awliya; w-l-y, guardians/friends). And for them is a great punishment ('azim; '-z-m, bone/magnitude). This is guidance (huda; h-d-y, direction/instruction). And those who disbelieved in the signs of their Lord (rabb; r-b-b, sustainer/master) will have a punishment of painful (alim; '-l-m, stinging pain) filth (rijs; r-j-s, abomination/tremor).
• Subjugation of the Cosmos & Ethical Imperatives
Allah is the one who subjected (sakhkhara; s-kh-r, compel to service) to you the sea (al-bahr; b-h-r, vast water) that the ships may sail (li-tajriya al-fulk; f-l-k, orbit/ship) therein by His command (amrihi; '-m-r, order/matter) and that you may seek (li-tabtaghu; b-gh-y, desire/pursue) of His bounty (fadlihi; f-d-l, surplus/favor) and that you may give thanks (tashkurun; sh-k-r, gratitude/acknowledgment). And He subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who reflect (yatafakkarun; f-k-r, cognition/contemplation). Say to those who believed (amanu; '-m-n, attained faith) to forgive (yaghfiru; gh-f-r, cover/protect) those who do not expect (yarjun; r-j-w, hope/fear) the days of Allah (ayyam Allah; historical epoch/judgment) that He may recompense (li-yajziya; j-z-y, repay) a people for what they used to earn (yaksibun; k-s-b, acquire deeds). Whoever does righteousness ('amila salihan; s-l-h, sound/rectified action) it is for his own soul (li-nafsihi; n-f-s, self/breath) and whoever does evil (asa'a; s-w-', ugliness/harm) it is against it. Then to your Lord you will be returned (turja'un; r-j-', return/cycle).
• The Pre-Eminence and Fall of Israel
And We certainly gave the Children of Israel (bani isra'il; s-r-y/'-l, struggle with God/servant of God) the Book (al-kitab; scripture) and judgment (al-hukm; wisdom/authority) and prophethood (al-nubuwwah; n-b-', news/elevation) and We provided them (razaqnahum; r-z-q, bestow) with good things (tayyibat; t-y-b, pure/wholesome) and preferred them (faddalnahum; f-d-l, excel/favor) over the worlds (al-'alamin; '-l-m, inhabitants/cosmos). And We gave them clear proofs (bayyinat; b-y-n, evident separations) of the matter. And they did not differ (ikhtalafu; kh-l-f, disagree) except after knowledge had come to them (ba'di ma ja'ahum al-'ilm; '-l-m, certainty) out of envy (baghyan; b-gh-y, transgression/insolence) among themselves. Indeed, your Lord will judge (yaqdi; q-d-y, decree/execute) between them on the Day of Resurrection (yawm al-qiyamah; q-w-m, standing/uprising) concerning that over which they used to differ.
• The Clarified Law (Shari'ah) vs. Materialist Desire
Then We put you (ja'alnaka; j-'-l, place/appoint) on a clear way (shari'ah; sh-r-', path to water/ordained law) of the command (al-amr; '-m-r, the affair/religion). So follow it (ittabi'ha; t-b-', pursue) and do not follow the desires (ahwa'; h-w-y, fall/empty fancy) of those who do not know. Indeed, they will never avail you (yughnu; gh-n-y, defend/enrich) against Allah at all. And indeed, the wrongdoers (al-zalimin; z-l-m, displace/oppress) are allies of one another. But Allah is the protector (waliyy; w-l-y, guardian/ally) of the righteous (al-muttaqin; w-q-y, those who guard against evil). This [Quran] is enlightenment (basa'ir; b-s-r, visual acuity/insights) for mankind and guidance (huda; h-d-y, lead) and mercy (rahmah; r-h-m, womb/compassion) for a people who are certain. Or do those who commit (ijtarahu; j-r-h, cut/acquire evils) sins (al-sayyi'at; s-w-', bad deeds) think that We will make them like those who believed and did righteous deeds - equal (sawa'an; s-w-y, level/same) their life (mahyahum; h-y-y, living) and their death (mamatuhum; m-w-t, dying)? Evil is what they judge (yahkumun; h-k-m, decide).
• Sovereignty and the Deification of Caprice
And Allah created the heavens and the earth in truth (bi-l-haqq; reality/justice) and so that every soul may be recompensed (li-tujza; j-z-y, repay) for what it has earned (kasabat; k-s-b, wrought) and they will not be wronged (yuzlamun; z-l-m, treat unjustly). Have you seen he who takes his desire (hawahu; h-w-y, caprice/lust) as his god (ilahahu; '-l-h, object of worship) and Allah led him astray (adallahu; d-l-l, loose/misguide) upon knowledge ('ala 'ilmin; knowing his state) and set a seal (khatama; kh-t-m, close/stamp) upon his hearing and his heart and put over his vision a veil (ghishawah; gh-sh-w, covering)? So who will guide him after Allah? Will you not be reminded (tadhakkarun; dh-k-r, recall/admonish)? And they say, "There is nothing but our worldly life (hayatuna al-dunya; d-n-w, near/low life); we die and we live and nothing destroys us (yuhlikuna; h-l-k, perish/ruin) except time (al-dahr; d-h-r, duration/fate)." And they have of that no knowledge; they are only assuming (yazunnun; z-n-n, conjecture/speculate). And when Our verses are recited to them as clear proofs (bayyinatin; b-y-n, evident) their argument (hujjatahum; h-j-j, dispute/proof) is nothing but that they say, "Bring back (i'tu; '-t-y, come/bring) our forefathers, if you should be truthful." Say, "Allah gives you life (yuhyikum; h-y-y, animate) then causes you to die (yumitukum; m-w-t, lifeless) then He will gather you (yajma'ukum; j-m-', collect) to the Day of Resurrection about which there is no doubt (rayb; r-y-b, suspicion/unease), but most of the people do not know."
• The Crouching: Final Judgment
And to Allah belongs the dominion (mulk; m-l-k, sovereignty) of the heavens and the earth. And the Day the Hour is established (taqumu al-sa'ah; q-w-m, stand/arise) that Day the falsifiers (al-mubtilun; b-t-l, nullify/futile) will lose. And you will see every nation (ummah; '-m-m, mother/community) kneeling (jathiyah; j-th-w, crouching on knees). Every nation will be called (tud'a; d-'-w, summon) to its record (kitabiha; k-t-b, book/registry). "Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do." "This, Our record, speaks (yantiqu; n-t-q, articulate speech) about you in truth. Indeed, We were transcribing (nastansikhu; n-s-kh, copy/abrogate) what you used to do." So as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them (yudkhiluhum; d-kh-l, enter) into His mercy. That is the clear attainment (al-fawz; f-w-z, triumph/escape). But as for those who disbelieved: "Were not My verses recited to you? But you were arrogant (istakbartum; k-b-r, seek greatness) and were a criminal people (qawman mujrimin; j-r-m, cut/crime)." And when it was said, "Indeed, the promise (wa'd; w-'-d, covenant/threat) of Allah is truth and the Hour is without doubt," you said, "We do not know what is the Hour. We assume only assumption (zann; z-n-n, supposition) and we are not convinced (mustayqinin; y-q-n, seeking certainty)."
• The Encompassing Retribution
And the evil consequences (sayyi'at; s-w-', corruptions) of what they did will appear (bada; b-d-w, become apparent) to them, and they will be enveloped (haqa; h-w-q, surround/hem in) by what they used to ridicule. And it will be said, "Today We forget you (nansakum; n-s-y, abandon/forget) as you forgot the meeting (liqa'; l-q-y, encounter) of this Day of yours, and your refuge (ma'wakum; '-w-y, shelter/abode) is the Fire, and you have no helpers (nasirin; n-s-r, aid/victory)." "That is because you took the verses of Allah in ridicule and the worldly life deluded you (gharratkum; gh-r-r, deceive/beguile)." So that Day they will not be removed (yukhrajun; kh-r-j, exit) from it, nor will they be asked to appease (yusta'tabun; '-t-b, seek favor/amends). Then to Allah belongs [all] praise (al-hamd; h-m-d, laudation) Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds. And to Him belongs grandeur (al-kibriya'; k-b-r, pride/majesty) in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Surah Al-Jathiyah • The Kneeling
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
• Divine Revelation Affirming Cosmic Signs
[45:1] Ha Meem (ha-mim; muqatta'at, mysterious letters) .
[45:2] Revelation (tanzeel; n-z-l, descent/bestowal) of the Book (kitab; k-t-b, writing/scripture) from Allah (Allah; a-l-h, the Deity) the Mighty (azeez; '-z-z, invincible/power) the Wise (hakeem; h-k-m, judicious/ruling).
[45:3] Indeed in the heavens (samaawat; s-m-w, lofty realms) and the earth (ard; a-r-d, ground/firmament) are signs (aayat; a-y-h, evidences/miracles) for believers (mu'mineen; a-m-n, faith/security).
[45:4] And in your creation (khalaq; kh-l-q, form/shape) and what He scatters of creatures (daabbah; d-b-b, crawling/beasts) are signs (aayat; a-y-h, proofs; see above) for people certain (yuqinoon; y-q-n, conviction/assurance).
[45:5] And alternation (ikhtilaaf; kh-l-f, difference/succession) of night (layl; l-y-l, darkness/concealment) and day (nahar; n-h-r, light/flow) and what Allah sends down (anzala; n-z-l, descend; see 45:2) from sky of provision (rizq; r-z-q, sustenance/allotment) reviving earth (ahya; h-y-y, life/revive) after its death (mawt; m-w-t, perish/extinction) and directing winds (tasreef; s-r-f, turn/manage; Form II) signs for people reasoning (ya'qiloon; '-q-l, intellect/bind).
• Woe Upon Sinful Rejectors of Truth
[45:6] These are verses (aayat; a-y-h, revelations; see above) of Allah We recite (natloo; t-l-w, follow/recite) to you in truth (haqq; h-q-q, reality/right) so in what statement (hadeeth; h-d-th, discourse/new) after Allah and His verses will they believe (yu'minoon; a-m-n, trust/affirm; see 45:3).
[45:7] Woe (wayl; w-y-l, ruin/curse) to every liar (affaak; a-f-k, fabricate/falsehood; intensive) sinful (atheem; a-th-m, guilty/transgression).
[45:8] Hears verses (aayat; a-y-h, signs; see above) of Allah recited (tutla; t-l-w, proclaimed; see 45:6) to him then persists (yusirr; s-r-r, insist/secret) arrogant (mustakbir; k-b-r, haughty; Form X) as if not heard them so announce (bashshir; b-sh-r, glad tidings/ironic) him painful punishment (adhaab; '-dh-b, torment/chastise).
[45:9] And when knows (alima; '-l-m, knowledge/perceive) something of Our verses (aayat; a-y-h, evidences; see above) takes them mockery (huzuw; h-z-a, ridicule/scorn) those for them humiliating (muheen; h-w-n, debase/weaken) punishment (adhaab; '-dh-b, penalty; see 45:8).
[45:10] Behind them Hell (jahannam; j-h-n-m, abyss/fire; Gehenna) and avails them not what earned (kasaboo; k-s-b, acquire/gain) nor what took besides Allah protectors (awliyaa; w-l-y, allies/close) and for them great (azeem; '-z-m, immense/mighty) punishment (adhaab; '-dh-b, suffering; see above).
[45:11] This is guidance (huda; h-d-y, direction/lead) and those disbelieved (kafaroo; k-f-r, deny/cover) in verses (aayat; a-y-h, proofs; see above) of their Lord (rabb; r-b-b, nurture/sustain) for them punishment (adhaab; '-dh-b, retribution; see above) of painful wrath (rijz; r-j-z, plague/affliction).
• Subjugation of Creation as Divine Favor
[45:12] Allah who subjected (sakhkhara; s-kh-r, subjugate/compel) for you the sea (bahr; b-h-r, vast/waters) that ships sail (fulk; f-l-k, vessels/ark) in it by His command (amr; a-m-r, order/affair) and seek His bounty (fadl; f-d-l, grace/excess) and perhaps you thank (tashkuroon; sh-k-r, gratitude/acknowledge).
[45:13] And subjected (sakhkhara; s-kh-r, harness; see 45:12) for you what in heavens (samaawat; s-m-w, skies; see 45:3) and what in earth (ard; a-r-d, land; see 45:3) all from Him indeed in that signs (aayat; a-y-h, indicators; see above) for people reflecting (yatafakkaroon; f-k-r, ponder/think).
• Counsel on Patience and Accountability
[45:14] Say to those believed (aamanoo; a-m-n, faith; see 45:3) forgive (yaghfiroo; gh-f-r, pardon/cover) those not expecting (yarjoon; r-j-w, hope/anticipate) days of Allah (ayyaam; y-w-m, days/epochs) that He recompense (yajzi; j-z-y, reward/repay) people for what earned (yaksiboon; k-s-b, earn; see 45:10).
[45:15] Whoever does righteous (saalihan; s-l-h, good/sound) then for himself (nafs; n-f-s, soul/self) and whoever does evil (asaa'a; s-w-'; harm/ill) then against it then to your Lord (rabb; r-b-b, master; see 45:11) returned (turja'oon; r-j-'; return/revert).
• Historical Privileges and Divisions
[45:16] And indeed We gave (aatayna; a-t-y, bestow/grant) Children of Israel (banee israaeel; b-n-y, sons/offspring; israaeel proper) the Book (kitaab; k-t-b, scripture; see 45:2) and judgment (hukm; h-k-m, wisdom/authority) and prophethood (nubuwwah; n-b-a, prophecy/news) and provided them good things (tayyibaat; t-y-b, pure/wholesome) and preferred them (faddalna; f-d-l, favor; see 45:12) over worlds (aalameen; '-l-m, realms/known).
[45:17] And gave them (aatayna; a-t-y, confer; see 45:16) clear proofs (bayyinaat; b-y-n, evident/clarify) of the matter (amr; a-m-r, command; see 45:12) so differed not except after knowledge (ilm; '-l-m, awareness; see 45:9) came them envy (baghy; b-gh-y, oppression/seek) between them indeed your Lord (rabb; r-b-b, sustainer; see above) judges (yaqdee; q-d-y, decree/settle) between them Day of Resurrection (qiyaamah; q-w-m, rise/stand) in what differed (yakhtalifoon; kh-l-f, dispute; see 45:5).
• Prophetic Path and Protection from Misguidance
[45:18] Then We placed you (ja'alna; j-'-l, make/set) on a way (sharee'ah; sh-r-'; law/path) of the matter (amr; a-m-r, ordinance; see above) so follow it (ittabi'; t-b-'; pursue/obey) and follow not desires (ahwaa'; h-w-y, whims/inclinations) of those not knowing (ya'lamoon; '-l-m, know; see above).
[45:19] Indeed they avail (yughnoo; gh-n-y, suffice/enrich) you not from Allah anything and indeed wrongdoers (zhaalimeen; z-l-m, oppress/darkness) some allies (awliyaa; w-l-y, guardians; see 45:10) of some and Allah protector (waliyy; w-l-y, friend/patron) of the righteous (muttaqeen; w-q-y, pious/guard).
[45:20] This is insight (basaa'ir; b-s-r, perceptions/clarity) for people (naas; n-w-s, mankind/forget) and guidance (huda; h-d-y, direction; see 45:11) and mercy (rahmah; r-h-m, compassion/womb) for people certain (yuqinoon; y-q-n, sure; see 45:4).
[45:21] Or think those committed evils (sayyi'aat; s-y-'; bad/harm) We make them like those believed (aamanoo; a-m-n, affirm; see above) and did righteous (saalihaat; s-l-h, virtuous; see 45:15) equal their living (mahyaa; h-y-y, life; see 45:5) and dying (mamaat; m-w-t, death; see 45:5) evil what they judge (yahkumoon; h-k-m, rule; see 45:16).
• Creation for Justice and Refutation of Denial
[45:22] And created (khalaqa; kh-l-q, originate; see 45:4) Allah heavens (samaawat; s-m-w, elevated; see above) and earth (ard; a-r-d, terrain; see above) in truth (haqq; h-q-q, justice; see 45:6) and that recompensed every soul (nafs; n-f-s, self; see 45:15) for what earned (kasabat; k-s-b, acquire; see above) and they not wronged (yuzlamoon; z-l-m, injustice; see 45:19).
[45:23] Have you seen who took (ittakhadha; a-kh-dh, adopt/seize) his god his desire (hawa; h-w-y, passion/fall; see 45:18) and Allah led astray (adalla; d-l-l, misguide/perish) on knowledge (ilm; '-l-m, cognition; see above) and sealed (khatama; kh-t-m, seal/close) on his hearing (sam'; s-m-'; hear/perceive) and heart (qalb; q-l-b, turn/core) and placed on sight veil (ghishaawah; gh-sh-w, cover/obscure) so who guides (yahdee; h-d-y, lead; see 45:20) him after Allah will you not remember (tadhakkaroon; dh-k-r, recall/mention).
[45:24] And they say not but our life (hayaah; h-y-y, existence; see above) worldly (dunya; d-n-w, near/low) we die (namoot; m-w-t, perish; see above) and live (nahya; h-y-y, revive; see 45:5) and destroys us not but time (dahr; d-h-r, era/duration) and for them of that no knowledge (ilm; '-l-m, understanding; see above) they only assume (yazunnoon; z-n-n, suppose/conjecture).
[45:25] And when recited (tutla; t-l-w, proclaim; see 45:6) to them Our verses (aayaat; a-y-h, clear signs; see above) clear (bayyinaat; b-y-n, manifest; see 45:17) their argument (hujjah; h-j-j, proof/debate) not but say bring our forefathers (aabaa'; a-b-w, fathers/ancestors) if truthful (saadiqeen; s-d-q, honest/verify).
[45:26] Say Allah gives life (yuhyeekum; h-y-y, animate; see above) then causes death (yumeetukum; m-w-t, kill; see above) then gathers (yajma'ukum; j-m-'; collect/assemble) you to Day of Resurrection (qiyaamah; q-w-m, uprising; see 45:17) no doubt (rayb; r-y-b, suspicion/unease) in it but most people (naas; n-w-s, humans; see 45:20) not know (ya'lamoon; '-l-m, comprehend; see above).
• Dominion and Loss on Judgment Day
[45:27] And to Allah dominion (mulk; m-l-k, sovereignty/possess) of heavens (samaawat; s-m-w, celestial; see above) and earth (ard; a-r-d, world; see above) and day Hour (saa'ah; s-w-'; moment/time) established that day lose (yakhsar; kh-s-r, deficit/loss) falsifiers (mubtiloon; b-t-l, void/false).
[45:28] And you see every nation (ummah; a-m-m, community/group) kneeling (jaathiyah; j-th-w, crouch/submit) every nation called (tud'aa; d-'-w, summon/invoke) to its book (kitaab; k-t-b, record; see above) today recompensed (tujzawna; j-z-y, compensated; see 45:14) what you did (ta'maloon; '-m-l, act/work).
[45:29] This Our book (kitaab; k-t-b, ledger; see above) speaks (yantiqu; n-t-q, articulate/speak) against you in truth (haqq; h-q-q, verity; see above) indeed We transcribed (nastansikhu; n-s-kh, copy/record; Form X) what you did (ta'maloon; '-m-l, perform; see 45:28).
[45:30] Then as for those believed (aamanoo; a-m-n, believe; see above) and did righteous (saalihaat; s-l-h, good deeds; see above) their Lord admits (yudkhilu; d-kh-l, enter/insert) them into His mercy (rahmah; r-h-m, grace; see 45:20) that is clear success (fawz; f-w-z, triumph/attain; mubeen evident).
• Reproach and Punishment of Disbelievers
[45:31] And as for those disbelieved (kafaroo; k-f-r, reject; see 45:11) were not Our verses (aayaat; a-y-h, revelations; see above) recited (tutla; t-l-w, read; see above) to you but arrogant (istakbartum; k-b-r, pride; see 45:8) and were criminal people (mujrimeen; j-r-m, sin/guilt).
[45:32] And when said indeed promise (wa'd; w-'-d, pledge/appoint) of Allah true (haqq; h-q-q, authentic; see above) and Hour (saa'ah; s-w-'; final time; see 45:27) no doubt (rayb; r-y-b, uncertainty; see 45:26) in it you said we know not what Hour we assume (nazunnu; z-n-n, guess; see 45:24) only assumption (zann; z-n-n, supposition) and we not convinced (mustayqineen; y-q-n, certain; Form X).
[45:33] And appear (badaa; b-d-w, manifest/emerge) to them evils (sayyi'aat; s-y-'; wrongs; see 45:21) of what did ('amiloo; '-m-l, operated; see above) and encompassed (haaqa; h-w-q, surround/enclose) them what they mocked (yastahzi'oon; h-z-a, deride; see 45:9).
[45:34] And said today We forget (nansaakum; n-s-y, abandon/forget) you as you forgot (naseetum; n-s-y, neglect) meeting (liqaa'; l-q-y, encounter/meet) this day of yours and your abode (ma'waa; a-w-y, shelter/refuge) Fire (naar; n-w-r, blaze/light) and for you no helpers (naasireen; n-s-r, aid/support).
[45:35] That because you took (ittakhadhtum; a-kh-dh, assume; see 45:23) verses (aayaat; a-y-h, signs; see above) of Allah mockery (huzuw; h-z-a, jest; see 45:9) and deluded (gharrat; gh-r-r, deceive/allure) you worldly life (hayaah dunya; h-y-y d-n-w, temporal existence) so today not removed (yukhraj; kh-r-j, exit/expel) from it nor appeased (yusta'taboon; '-t-b, seek favor/repent; Form X).
• Ultimate Praise to Sovereign Lord
[45:36] Then to Allah praise (hamd; h-m-d, commend/laud) Lord (rabb; r-b-b, owner; see above) of heavens (samaawat; s-m-w, universes; see above) and Lord of earth (ard; a-r-d, planet; see above) Lord of worlds (aalameen; '-l-m, creations; see 45:16).
[45:37] And to Him grandeur (kibriyaa'; k-b-r, majesty/pride) in heavens (samaawat; s-m-w, heights; see above) and earth (ard; a-r-d, domain; see above) and He the Mighty (azeez; '-z-z, dominant; see 45:2) the Wise (hakeem; h-k-m, sagacious; see 45:2).
Summary:
• The revelation (tanzil; n-z-l; descent/sending down) of the Book originates from the Mighty (al-Aziz; '-z-z; strong/invincible) and Wise (al-Hakim; h-k-m; wisdom/judgment), establishing truth through cosmic evidence. Signs (ayat; '-y-y; markers/indications) embedded in the heavens, earth, and biological creation (khalq; kh-l-q; creation/measure) serve as proofs for believers. Scattered living creatures (dabbah; d-b-b; crawler/beast), the alternation of night and day, and the provision (rizq; r-z-q; sustenance/rain) sent to revive the earth are functional demonstrations for those with certainty (yuqinun; y-q-n; certainty/conviction) and those who reason (ya'qilun; '-q-l; intellect/binding). These manifestations constitute the ultimate truth (haqq; h-q-q; reality/truth), rendering any other discourse (hadith; h-d-th; speech/event) inferior.
• Destruction (wayl; w-y-l; destruction/sorrow) targets the sinful liar (affak athim; '-f-k; to turn away/lie; '-th-m; sin/delay) who hears verses yet persists (yusirru; s-r-r; to persist/tie tight) in arrogance (istikbar; k-b-r; greatness/pride). Taking divine signs in mockery (huzuwa; h-z-w; ridicule) guarantees a humiliating punishment (muhin; h-w-n; disgrace/ease) in Hell (Jahannam), where false protectors (awliya; w-l-y; nearness/guardian) offer no defense. While the Quran provides guidance (huda; h-d-y; direction), rejection incurs a penalty of painful filth (rijz; r-j-z; tremor/agitation). To cultivate gratitude (tashkurun; sh-k-r; gratitude/acknowledgment), Allah subjected (sakhkhara; s-kh-r; compel/subjugate) the sea and the cosmos by His command (amr; '-m-r; command/matter), allowing humanity to seek bounty (fadl; f-d-l; surplus/favor) and reflect (yatafakkarun; f-k-r; thought/contemplation).
• Believers are instructed to forgive (yaghfiru; gh-f-r; to cover/protect) those ignorant of the Days of Allah (ayyam Allah), leaving the recompense of earning (yaksibun; k-s-b; acquisition) and the soul (nafs; n-f-s; self/breath) to divine judgment. Despite receiving the Book (al-Kitab), wisdom (al-hukm), prophethood (an-nubuwwah), and clear proofs (bayyinat; b-y-n; clear/evident), the Israelites fragmented through envy (baghyan; b-gh-y; seek/oppress) after knowledge arrived. The Prophet is established on a clear law (shari'ah; sh-r-'; path to water/law), strictly warned against following the desires (ahwa; h-w-y; fall/desire) of the ignorant. Allah remains the Protector (Wali) of the God-fearing (al-muttaqin; w-q-y; shield/guard), providing insight (basair; b-s-r; vision/proof) that distinguishes them from those committing evils (sayyi'at; s-w-'; bad/evil).
• Materialists claiming life is only worldly existence (hayatuna ad-dunya; d-n-w; near/low) and that Time (ad-dahr; d-h-r; time/aeon) destroys them rely on conjecture (yazunnun; z-n-n; assumption), even challenging resurrection by demanding the return of forefathers. However, divine dominion (mulk; m-l-k; sovereignty) controls the Hour when falsifiers (mubtilun; b-t-l; null/false) lose and every nation appears kneeling (jathiyah; j-th-w; to kneel/huddle) before their Record. This Record, which was transcribing (nastansikhu; n-s-kh; copy/abrogate) deeds, vindicates the righteous with clear success (al-fawz; f-w-z; triumph). Criminal people (qawman mujrimin; j-r-m; cut/crime) are told "We forget you" (nansakum; n-s-y; forget/abandon) and, having been deluded (gharra; gh-r-r; deceive/delude) by the world, find no amends (yusta'tabun; '-t-b; blame/plea). Praise (al-hamd; h-m-d; praise/gratitude) and grandeur (al-kibriya; k-b-r; grandeur/supremacy) belong exclusively to the Lord.
Key Ideas:
• Objective Cosmic Evidence – The universe, biological life, and weather cycles act as undeniable signs (ayat; '-y-y; markers/indications) for the faithful.
• Consequence of Arrogance – Persistent rejection and mockery of scripture result in inevitable humiliation and punishment (muhin; h-w-n; disgrace/ease).
• Subjugation for Gratitude – The cosmos and oceans are divinely tamed (sakhkhara; s-kh-r; compel/subjugate) to serve humanity, necessitating thankfulness.
• Fragmentation via Envy – Schisms among recipients of revelation occurred due to mutual envy (baghyan; b-gh-y; seek/oppress) after acquiring knowledge.
• Law vs. Caprice – Adherence to divine law (shari'ah; sh-r-'; path to water/law) opposes following human desires (ahwa; h-w-y; fall/desire).
• Moral Inequality – It is logically impossible for the wicked and the righteous to share the same existential fate or judgment (yahkumun).
• Materialist Fallacy – The belief that only Time (ad-dahr; d-h-r; time/aeon) destroys life is dismissed as baseless conjecture.
• Universal Accountability – All nations will kneel (jathiyah; j-th-w; to kneel/huddle) before a Record that transcribed their deeds in truth.
• Exclusive Grandeur – Sovereignty and supremacy (al-kibriya; k-b-r; grandeur/supremacy) inherently belong to the Creator.
Unique Events:
• Believers are commanded to forgive those who do not hope for the Days of Allah (ayyam Allah).
• Israelites were preferred over the worlds of their time and given clear proofs (bayyinat; b-y-n; clear/evident).
• Materialists argue against resurrection by demanding, "Bring back our forefathers."
• Every nation is depicted as kneeling/huddled while being called to its Record on Judgment Day.
• Divine voice declares "We forget you" (nansakum; n-s-y; forget/abandon) to the damned, mirroring their forgetting of the meeting.